Quenching-bath for treating steel and iron.



' JAMES cHURoHWAan. or NEW YORK, N. Y.

QUENCHlNG-BATH' FOR TREATING STEEL AND IRON,

- Specification of Letters Patent.

rammed cat. 9, 1906.

Application filed Dacemberfi, 1905; Serial No. 290,685,

' Teall whom it may concern:

Be it-known that 1, JAMES CnURcHwARD, a subjectot the King of Great Britain, residing in the borough of Manhattan, 11 the city,

county, and State of New York, have inventedcert'a'in new and useful Improvements in Quenching-Baths for Treating Steel and Iron, of which the following is a specification.

In. order 'to impart e pecial hardness to steel, it is the universal customto heat it and then quench or; cool it. quickly in a bath consisting of water o r oil; and the present invention relates tosu'ch a quenching-bath, the

'novel feature rfisiflding in the bath consisting of a phenol or'phenol derivative mixed with I an oi or other fatty material or substance.

In carrying lo it .therinvntion asuitable proportion 'of ai'phcno'lfsmh as'ca rbolic acid (phenol hydrox'id): or creosote,- (a monohydric phenol-, for example; with some fatty substance, such-z'i's glycerin (glycerol) orlinseedo i'l for example, form.-. the quenchingbath.

For steel heatedup to about 1 ,700? to 1,800 Fah'renheit-a" bath 1 composed as. follows will produce-good results: carbolic acid,

fifty per'-cent.;- linseed-oil, fifty per cent. total one hundred per cent.

-=-'-T-he bath-should be kept as cool as possible I and the hot steel be immersed therein and allowed to remain in the bath until cold;

The proportions of 'he ingredients of the quenching bath may 'be varied. somewhat I without departing-from the spirit of the invention:

The words'.;fat'ty substance or.

material as herein used aremeant to include glycerin,

oils of all'kinds, and othersubstances con taining the fatty 'acids.

The phenol, if used pure, causes such a sud den shock that the shrinkage and tighte of the outer skin of the metal causes the stee to crack. Therefore an oil or some fatty substance is mixed with the phenol tomodify the effect. The oil or fat prevents the metal from cooling suddenly, so that the pores of the metal remain open for a very short period of time. During this period the phenol penetrates. and acts onthe nner metal, thereby carrying the depths of hardening to any degree required.

Temperatures govern the action a great deal. A high temperature or a series of high temperatures will carry the hardening to the center of the metal; a low temperature will only carry ina short distance. The object is'not to add carbon to the casting quenched, and the ingredients employed do not add an appreciable amount of carbon to the steel. I

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1 A quenching-bath for steel and iron consisting of a phenol and a fatty substance.

2. A quenching-bath for steel and iron, consisting of carbolic acid and a fatty substance.

3. Aquenching-bath for steel and iron, consisting-of a phenol and linseed-oil.

4. A quenching-bath for steel and iron, con

' sisting of carbolic acid'and linseed-oil.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 5th day of December, 1905, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES CHURCHWARD.

Witnesses:

HENRY CONNETT, H. G. Hose. 

